Cholesterol is measured in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL). LDL ("bad" cholesterol) builds up in arteries, while HDL ("good" cholesterol) helps remove cholesterol from the bloodstream. Total cholesterol combines LDL, HDL, and 20% of triglycerides. High cholesterol increases heart disease risk. Lifestyle changes (diet, exercise) and medication such as statins can help manage levels. Current AHA/ACC guidance bases decisions less on a single universal LDL cutoff and more on your overall risk of heart attack and stroke, so two people with the same number may get different advice. Adults are generally advised to have their cholesterol checked periodically, with the frequency depending on age and risk factors. This information is for general reference and is not medical advice; talk to your doctor about what is right for you.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Do I need to fast before a cholesterol test?
A: Traditionally a 9–12 hour fast was advised, mainly for accurate triglycerides. Many labs and guidelines now accept non-fasting lipid panels for routine screening. Follow the instructions your provider or lab gives you.
Q: Why is high HDL considered good?
A: HDL helps carry cholesterol back to the liver for removal. An HDL of 60 mg/dL or above is generally protective, while low HDL (under 40 for men, under 50 for women) is a risk factor for heart disease.
Q: How can I lower my cholesterol?
A: Common steps include eating more fiber and unsaturated fats, limiting saturated and trans fats, staying physically active, maintaining a healthy weight, and not smoking. Some people also need medication such as statins. Your doctor can advise based on your risk.
SourceNCEP ATP III lipid classification (mg/dL, adults), as used by the American Heart Association; LDL and triglyceride categories consistent with AHA/ACC guidance.